BURTON ON THE WOLDS
Leicestershire
1948 - 1959 |
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Wymeswold Airfield was opened in 1942 as an operational
training unit for Bomber Command. Most of the domestic and living
accommodation sites lay to the south of the airfield within the parish of
Burton on the Wolds. The majority of the buildings were of light timber-frame construction covered with plaster board and felt with a corrugated
asbestos roof. Interspersed among them were a number of corrugated metal Nissen huts. None of the buildings were intended for long term use yet,
in 1948, they became home to Polish ex-service men and their families. As
in all ex-army camps the conditions were somewhat primitive. The RAF
lavatories and washing facilities were brought back into use and several
families were lodged in each hut with blanket partitions providing a
minimum of privacy. |
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One of the wartime huts on Site 8 (ul.
Słoneczna)
that were home to the Polish
community for the best part of 10 years |
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In 1950, with around one
hundred families living on eight of the ten aerodrome sites, the huts were
converted into family units ranging in size from one to four bedroom
dwellings at an average cost of some 200 Pounds paid by the Ministry of Health
while the Ministry of Works supplied the cooking ranges which enabled
families to live more independent lives and cater for themselves. In
February 1951 Barrow RDC took over the management of the camp and
collected rent of between 10 and 16 shillings a week depending on size. |
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The sites were given Polish
names:- "ul. Poleska, ul. Wileńska,
ul.
Lwowska,
ul. Szpitalna, ul. Kościelna,
ul.
Polna,
ul.Słoneczna
and
ul. Centralna" (the
abbreviation ul. Stands for 'ulica' - street). For the benefit
of local tradesmen the site numbers were fixed next to the Polish
nameplates. |
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On the "Centralna"
(central) site one of the huts was turned into a hall where weekly film
shows, dances and performances were held. Others were converted into a
shop, canteen, recreation room, reading room and library. The community
had its own church with fittings and furnishings made by the congregation,
the priest Fr. Stefan Kiwiński
lived in an adjacent hut. |
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The camp had a surgery and sickbay
initially run by doctors Haszkiewicz and Szymkiewicz later joined by dr. Siepracki
and nurse Władysława Wiedlińska |
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Children from the camp attended local
English schools during the week and on Saturday mornings they went to the
camp's Saturday School where they learned about Polish history, culture
and traditions as well as to read and write Polish. When the Saturday
school opened it had 40 pupils, the head teacher was Mr. Kazimierz Pagacz
with teachers Franciszek Malik and Zygmunt
Żyliński. Mr.
Pagacz also directed productions of the amateur dramatic group. There was
a nursery school for the youngest run by Mrs. Zawadzka and Renia
Sidorowicz. The camp's social and cultural
activities were run by a camp committee that was elected annually. |
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Class 2 from 1956
Teacher Stanisława
Wiśniewska,
with some of her pupils;
Krysia Zielińska,
Irena Szostka, Rysio Stabik,
Marjan Kandula, Boguś
Stabik |
Teaching staff; Wiktoria Dzudzewicz,
Fr. Stefan Kiwiński,
Franciszek Malik, Stanisława
Wiśniewska, Zygmunt Zieliński with children from the Saturday School
1956
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Liaison with
English schools and the development of cultural activities was the
responsibility of two Educational Organisers, appointed by the Committee
for the Education of Poles, Zbigniew Błażyński and Antoni Fogelfengel.
The latter enjoyed considerable popularity in pre war Poland as "Tońcio"
in the very popular humorous radio programme "Lwowska Fala". The
authorities were unstinting in their efforts to teach the adult population
English in evening classes. As in other camps there was a sports club with
a successful football team "Niemen" as well as volley ball and table
tennis teams. |
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Mr. F.
Malik with children from the Saturday School celebrating the 3rd
May Constitution - 1958 |
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Saturday School Children in
National Dress performing on stage.
The stage sets show views of the Old Town in Kraków
and were painted by Julian Schott, a gifted artist from Kraków |
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Nativity play (Jasełka) 1957 |
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Kazia
Świątkowska,
Lilka Drabant, Krysia Bor,
Elżunia Hónc, Joasia Malik, Halinka
Wiśniewska |
The assembled cast of the nativity play |
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Fr. Kiwiński looked after the
spiritual needs of this community; preparing children for their First Holy
Communion, providing Religious education, officiating at marriages,
christenings, funerals, religious festivals and rituals. |
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First Holy Communion |
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Krysia Bil, Janusz Sebastian, Basia
Waszert, Danusia Ereminowicz, Grażyna
Zawadzka,
Elżunia
Orzeszek, Józio
Daniuk, Kazia
Świątkowska,
J. Zawadzki. |
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A significant event in the life of the camp was a visit, in
1948, by Gen. Bór-Komorowski who at that time was Prime Minister of the
Polish Government in Exile in London. The General enjoyed enormous
respect in the Polish community as commander of the Underground Home Army
(AK) and the heroic 1944 Warsaw Rising. |
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Mr. Franciszek Malik, General
BórKomorowski, Fr. Stefan Kiwiński,
Mr. Żurawski, Mr. Sroczyński, Mrs.Sroczyńska, Waldek Sroczyński,
Elżunia Orzeszek presenting the flowers. |
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One of the residents greeting the General was
Mr. Franciszek Malik.
In September 1939 he fought, first against
the Germans then the Soviets, as a lieutenant in the Polish infantry.
Following defeat in the September campaign he was arrested by the Soviet
NKVD and imprisoned in Russia. After Germany's invasion of the Soviet
Union in June 1941 he joined the Polish Army formed under Gen. Anders and
left the USSR with the army in 1942 to reinforce British forces in the
Middle East. He volunteered to join the "Cichociemni" (Dark and Silent)
special forces unit which was being formed in England with the objective
of providing support, supplies and liaison to the Home Army (AK) in Poland
which was pursuing a campaign of sabotage and diversion against the German
occupation forces. The Cichociemni unit worked closely with Britain's SOE
(Special Operations Executive). He was enrolled into the AK in the rank
of Captain under the pseudonym "Piorun" and parachuted into Warsaw in July
1944, just before the start of The Uprising, and went on to command the
Zaremba-Piorun battalion throughout The Rising. After the Rising fell at
the beginning of October he was held as a prisoner of War in Lamsdorf,
Sandbostel and Lubec. Among other decorations Cpt. Malik received
Poland's highest order for valour the "Virtuti Militari" as well as
Britain's "King's Medal for Courage in the Cause of Freedom". |
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In Burton Polish Camp, Franciszek Malik served for many
years as a volunteer teacher in the Saturday School and Hon. Chairman of
the Camp's Management Committee. |
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Children in National dress taking part in a fund raising fete in
Burton Hall. |
Halinka and Mira Wiśniewska |
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Thank you to
Jerzy Kowalski and Joan and Peter Shaw for the information and photos. |
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