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Ashby Folville Polish Camp |
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Ashby Folville, a small village on the
banks of a rivulet near the Wold hills, situated about 6 miles SW of
Melton Mowbary and 10 miles NE of Leicester just off the B6047. The
village is dominated by a large stone gothic style manor house
with extensive parkland which, at the beginning of WW2
was requisitioned by the MOD for two camps which were built on the land for
military use. One comprising of Nissen huts in front of the house the
other
by the main gate. |
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In1948 the camps
were taken over from the MOD by the National Assistance Board (NAB) for housing Polish displaced persons.
By 1956/7 the N.A.B. were in the process of reducing the number of camps
by closing the smaller ones and Ashby found itself in the group. The
scheme of closures was met with a good deal of opposition by the residents
and was led by the camp's priest Fr. Cannon Jan Starostka, who sought the
help of the local M.P. and other influential persons including a petition
to the Queen. |
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In the event the local Farmers Union came to the rescue.
Concerned that with the close of the camp they will lose casual
female labour, they arranged with the owner of the land a lease for
five years and undertook to finance the venture. The residents of the camp
highly valued this noble gesture of the Farmers Union but, not wishing to
remain indebted, met the cost themselves. The camp eventually closed in
1965, the huts were dismantled and, in time, the grounds were restored to
their former glory. |
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Corrugated metal Nissen huts on the front lawn of the
manor |
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The main gate with the barracks of
the second camp. These were
wood
framed clad with plasterboard and weather proofed
with black roofing felt. |
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The Manor today |
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The Gate |
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On
the 5th of September 2010 many of the Polish ex-residents of
Ashby Folville camp gathered together with families and friends in St.
Mary's church Ashby Foliville for a thanksgiving service and the unveiling of a commemorative plaque in
memory of Mr. John Hanbury Smith-Carington, on who's estate the two Polish camps
were established in 1948. The Ashby Folville Estate had been in the Smith-Carington
family for several hundred years and the Wing Commander and
his family lived in the lodge by the main gate with the second camp only a
few paces from the front gates. His memory is held with great fondness by the Polish
community and people felt he understood their situation. On his
walks through the camp he would stop and chat with the residents and even the
children felt at ease in his presence. |
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Prior to the Second World War he began his medical training
to become a doctor. These studies were interrupted when he volunteered and
joined the Royal Air Force for pilot training and served with Bomber
Command. Shortly after VE day, partly because of his initial medical
training, he was chosen to be one of the team working at the Nazi Concentration camp at Belsen. After the War he spent time in Poland
at The British
Embassy. On one of his periodic returns home he gave a slide show in the
camp community hut of his stay in Poland. The community hut was packed out
and the show is still remembered today. The camp residents had been
displaced from regions all over Poland and the show was watched intently
for a possible glimpse of known locations. This was the first tangible
link back to their Homeland at a time when travel to Poland was extremely
difficult and very hazardous for Polish nationals. |
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At the
service Mrs. John Smith-Caringdon with her daughter Shiona's family at
her side, unveiled a brass plaque in memory of her late husband.
The many distinguished guests included Jennifer, Lady Gretton JP
Lord Lieutenant of Leicestershire, and Consul of the Republic of
Poland Mr, Mirosław Kornacki.
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Ashby Folville Polish Camp |
RESIDENTS & FRIENDS REUNION |
1948 -
1965 |
ZJAZD
BYŁYCH MIESZKANCÓW |
OSIEDLA
POLSKIEGO i PRZYJACIÃ“Ł |
05 SEPTEMBER - WRZESIEŃ 2010 |
2:30
pm St. Mary's Church Ashby Folville |
Refreshments provided |
Czesio Paluszkiewicz |
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NISSEN HUT CAMP IN MANOR GROUNDS |
Reproduced by kind permission of MACE |
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Transcript of
the plaque which is in the church. |
The village hall
where the reception took place. |
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At
the reception held in the village hall, a 1953 Ashby Folville
archive film was shown and old friends exchanged
stories and photographs. With the kind
permission of the current owners of the manor house, Mike and Rosemary Rimmington,
the grounds were opened for
visitors to walk round the restored lawns and park. Ex-residents
reminisced abut the time they lived there and tried to work out were
exactly stood their huts. At the end of the day every one was presented
with a CD with photos of the camp, people and events, prepared by
Czesio
(Tish)
Paluszkiewicz
one of the organisers of the
re-union. |
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The following photos are a selection
of the 130 photos on the CD and photos brought in by ex-residents on the
day. |
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The church and religious
ceremonies. |
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The first church was in a Nissen
hut. |
Later the church was moved into a
barrack. |
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Unlike most other camps, the Ashby Follville camp was
practically in the village so there was an unusual degree of integration
between the camp's residents and their village hosts. The following
description of a Corpus Christi procession, written by the camp's priest Fr. Dr. Jan Starostka, provides a wonderful insight into the empathy and mutual
tolerance that existed between the two disparate communities. |
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DIALOGUE OF BELLS |
Fr. Dr. Jan Starostka, |
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The Sunday of the Corpus Christi octave was celebrated
solemnly in Ashby Folville. And the beautiful procession in the then
Polish settlement on English soil, over the years, had established a
reputation and fame. It attracted crowds from everywhere. Particularly
from the Midlands: from Leicester, Nottingham, Loughborough and Melton
Mowbray. The émigré Pole liked to sing. Then and there, on that Sunday,
when the people assembled from near and far, one could
indulge oneself and sing. Equally well inside the cosy,
acoustic polish chapel, and also in the adjacent enormous manor's park,
full of avenues, trees, flowerbeds and flora. And the Pole
abroad likes homeliness and parade. And there and then this procession
everything was so homely, |
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The procession walking past
the manor. |
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polish
and impressive. The children in white throwing
flower petals before the Blessed Monstrance. The parish leader and
councillors escorting the celebrant under the canopy; the lads and
lasses in regional costumes; various fraternities and
organisations with
candles, flags and feretories; and even calls and
cheers from "the youngsters". A traditional church fete followed
the procession. |
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People said - only one thing was missing at this
procession in Ashby. A bell or even an Ave bell was needed. An Ave
bell that would - as the elders remembered from
Poland - call the faithful to church and would accompany their
singing during the procession and generally add gravitas and
splendour to the celebration.
But the camp had a wise parish leader, Mr.
Ferdynand Wroblewski. He overcame this shortcoming. |
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During a favourable session with the site Warden,
Mr. Bell, he charmed up a bell that was used for alarm. At another
session after the "odd one" or even "two doubles"
he managed to obtain enough spruce logs from the local forest
owner. Together
with his councillors these were dragged to the
chapel and from them they rigged up a small bell-tower to which
the bell was tied. |
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It did not matter, that when he first rang the bell
- people ran out of their dwellings with buckets and staves,
thinking there was a fire. It did not matter, that whenever
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people looked at the bell, they laughed at it. And
every time it rang, they mocked
it. But after some time they became accustomed to
its sight and sound and even came to like it. And in appreciation of its
founder
they christened it after him. They used to say "Ferdek"
is calling, "Ferdek" can be heard, "Ferdek" is ringing. I will not forget the first Sunday, the Corpus Christi
octave procession when "Ferdek" rang. It was, I remember it well, the 23-rd
June 1957, somewhat late for Corpus Christi, but the Heavenly Ruler of
Evangelical Dates had extended spring a little
with its freshness and beauty. Nor did He skimp on His
Great Holy Day, giving it its usual summery charm and magic; everything
was bathed in the sun's fresh and golden rays. |
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That year Ashby was scented as never by the limes, the
roses and jasmine. Swarms of bees buzzed in the air and the
cuckoos
and blackbirds called to one another in the park. The brook flowing
through the camp murmured by the waterfall and by
the bridge it sparkled with a rainbow and cascade of the
colours of the rhododendrons growing above it. Anyway it was quiet in the
camp. Even the usually noisy motorcycles and motorcars of the visiting
guests stood, as if
struck dead, on the square by the chapel. This was because
everybody who lived in the camp, or had arrived that morning, was in
the chapel at Holy Mass. The chapel itself was sinking
under chestnuts and lilacs. From the chapel roof fluttered three flags:
the Papal, the Polish and the British. The Holy Offertory was just
finishing. |
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Dressed in a golden cape and veil the Celebrant, having
blessed the Monstrance with incense, picked it up in both hands and
intoned: "Your praise and glory..." The organist Mr. Karwoski and all
people of god took up this song of glory and with the
organ blared out: "Today we all offer You everything
together, We bow and sing, Your servants..." This singing hit the chapel
eaves; shook the chandeliers and garlands; jangled the
glass in the stained glass windows and flew out of the doors and windows.
At this moment the bell-tower creaked and flapped and
started swinging amongst the trees. A horde of blackbirds and pigeons
burst from the trees. "Ferdek" had joined the people's song and was
conveying it to the park, the sites and the whole of Ashby. |
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The Procession assembling on the
driveway in front of the manor |
The procession winding its way
around camp 2 |
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Meanwhile the processional cross appeared in the chapel
doorway. It was carried by old Makarewicz, dressed in surplice.
By his sides, also in surplices, were his altar-boy grandsons
carrying lanterns. Behind him were the school children, in white with
lilies in their hands, that had taken their first Holy
Communion at Corpus Christi. Scouts marched behind them with their banner.
Then girls dressed in Krakowski national costume carried
pillows, feretories and Holy pictures. They were separated by boys
wearing Krakowski jackets carrying with national flags. |
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The maidens of the Sodality walked proudly with their
banner, that had recently been to the Congress in Rome and
had been singled out by Bishop Gawlina. After them strutted
the rosary ladies with candles in their hands. Further on Mother
Superior Filomena with her nuns from St.Joseph's convent in
Rearsby and the sisters of St. Francis convent in Melton Mowbray. Just
after them headmistress Mrs Lyczakow led her girls in veils with baskets
son ribbons throwing flower petals widely and chanting rhythmically "Holy,
Holy, Lord God of Hosts, The skies and the earth are full of His praise
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Then He, The Lord God of Hosts appeared in the doors of the
church. And from the gold monstrance, from under the
snow white canopy he blessed the settlement and accepted
his praise. In the smoke of the incense-burners, the ringing of the altar-boys,
the monstrance was carried by the local priest. He was supported in the
old Ashby tradition under his arms by the parish
leader, Ferdynand Wroblewski and by Consul Gluski. The
canopy was carried by the representatives of the four local organisations
as had been stipulated by its funding benefactor Mr.Kuzmicz. The
proceedings were overseen by Mr. Jozef Burandt, the master of ceremonies.
The canopy was followed by nearly all of Ashby. |
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1956 |
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Jelly, Czerwinski, Oriowac, Betlejem. Boryn,
Swiatlon, Gozdik, Wojtowicz families were there. The Piotrowski,
Rymaszewski, Kulczycki, Brulinski, Pasiak, Jamroz,
Rudko, Turkowiak. They moved in site order, how they lived and
befriended
each other. They led their children, their
cronies, their relatives, their friends from Melton, Leicester
and Nottingham. They also led their "friendow", the English,
Irish and Italian from Barsby, Rearsby and Queniborough. |
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They stopped and kneeled with them at the four
altars. These were raised at the four corners of the settlement,
and were
buried in tons of flowers, they glowed in the
light of multicoloured lamps and candles in candelabras. They
competed with one another in the holiness of their blessed
pictures, the freshness of their tablecloths and the richness of
their tapestries. Here the
priest stopped and sang the liturgy. The choir
executed their verses. |
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Then they stopped again and stood up and moved
on. Along the allies and walks planted with chestnuts and ashes.
Along
rows of whitened and decorated in may green huts
and windows decorated with woven pictures, candles and flowers.
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And they
sang joyously and proudly "The Lord comes from
heaven, under guise of holy bread" and "comes to see their
enclosures and how
His children are faring...." |
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And "Ferdek" was ringing and ringing. He was also
happy and proud that the "Lord from heaven" looked upon his lot
and that he can ring for Him and "call in all
directions: The Blessed is coming amongst us...." |
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And even though they had exited the settlement
and its gates and were among the village cottages and manors -
he continued to ring. He panted and groaned and cried for joy,
that he could pray and sing with them and follow "The Blessed". |
But Lo! What's that? |
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When they were in the village and the procession was just
reaching the Anglican Church another voice was added to that
of "Ferdek". Moreover, a whole scale. And they grappled, as
if by the shoulders, with the sound of "Ferdek". They wrestled with
him, trying to kill, to mock him, as if ogres were
attacking, trying to drown out his sound. But in a short time,
unbelievably these
voices and "Ferdek's" agreed with one another, and they
started a dialogue, in harmony, a wonderful symphony, together, |
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These were the bells of St. Mary's ringing! |
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And together with "Ferdek" they praised the Lord and played
for Him in the Polish procession. The playing spread
around the church and the echoes rebounded through the
village and along the lanes and the in the country. In the old church of
St.Mary, which recalled the times of a
Catholic England of Knights of the Foivilles and Satchvilles who went from
Ashby to the crusades, the crusaders were being roused. Those resting on
their sarcophagi were trying to rub their eyes and bend their ears.
They were asking if the time had come and there was a single sheepfold and
a single shepherd. |
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Walking past the Nissen huts in
the camp. |
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On the farms and in the cottages people opened their
windows and listened with amazement and concentration to the
ringing of the bells at the Polish procession, and
Catholic. On the roads and lanes passersby stopped, as did limousines and
heavy goods lorries and those driving them, looking on the procession of
the Holy Sacrament with the ringing of the bells of the Church of England,
crossed themselves piously and smiled happily in a friendly manner. But
the wannest smile and happiest person was
the pastor of St. Mary's, the Reverend C.N. Daybell who,
from his church tower, had observed the procession and had led the
bell-ringing. He was the architect of dialogue of the bells; that is the
beating of his bells in time with the Polish bell. On the
previous day, he had noticed some commotion close to "Ferdek"
and understood, that it was important for the Poles to have bells ringing
on the following day; he arranged his bell-ringers and with them organised
the whole event. He himself, having heard the
"Ferdek" started to ring the first and largest of the
bells. |
Later having descended from the church tower after donning
his cassock, he joined the polish procession and followed it
right into the settlement up to the church porch. Here he
humbly listened to "Te Deum Laudamus". Here he lowered his head for
the blessing of the Holy Sacrament and finally departed
after the last tones of "God who blessed Poland", traditionally sung at
the end of the procession, had died away. |
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That afternoon, in the local pub, the Carrington Arms near
the church, there was a crush as if it was a fete day. The happy
owner, Mr. Walker, wiping the sweat from his brow and
filling his clients' glasses welcomed everyone saying: "That was very
good, Sir, wasn't it?" His other half, Connie, smiling whilst washing and
drying glasses echoed her husband with: "Beautiful,
really beautiful, indeed". |
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The farmers, Mr. Allan, Mr. Gee, Mr. Preston and others
agreed: "Yes Mr. and Mrs. Walker. That was very nice, Very, very nice
indeed." Buying draught for the Poles they praised the procession and the
churches "splendid cooperation". The Poles,
accepting the English drinks, as well as the toasts and
compliments, bought "doubles" in return and proudly held their heads high. |
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Anyway, if truth be told, in our thousand year history, our
country has not known reformation or any church wars. And in terms of
other religions and beliefs has always been liberal and tolerant. And in
the Ashby settlement, although one could find the
odd Evangelist or Orthodox Christian, nobody objected or
made anything of it. Any such person, if he was fair, decent and
reasonable, was treated equally, was acknowledged,
respected and even loved. For example Teofor Sienko, who was an Orthodox
Christian, never missed a Catholic Mass or service in the
settlement, and as he lived close to the bell-tower, he always rang "Ferdek"
and it was he that rang it during today's procession. |
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Thus thinking of the ecumenism of their procession, the
Poles of Ashby were not only proud of it but also thanked God.
Particularly, that on that morning in their small, Polish community, lost
somewhere in England they had experienced "a dialogue
of bells" long before the good Pope John XXIII called a
Council in the Vatican for such a dialogue.
And here that morning they were witnesses to the "kiss of
peace" between brothers of separated churches before such a kiss was
exchanged between Paul VI and the Archbishop of Canterbury. |
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It is the way that the Divine Leader had wished in the
Gospel inviting to his feast "the poor, the crippled and the blind..."
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Rev. Dr. Jan Starostka. |
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Every year, just
like Corpus Christi, Children's First communion was also a big occasion
for a celebration in the community. Everyone in their Sunday best
attended the Mass and afterwards a happy, carnival like atmosphere
pervaded the camp. |
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Fr. Starostka leading children into
the church at the start of the ceremony 1955 |
Group photo taken in front of the
manor. 1955 |
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First Holy communion group
photo, less posed more fun. 1955 |
First Holy Communion Procession about to be led into
church by Father Starostka. Girls in National costume flanking
recipients to receive their First Holy Communion - 1960 |
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Joseph Gębski, Andrzej Burandt, Father Starostka, Czesio
Paluszkiewicz, Stan Pasiak,
Michał Węgrzyn |
First Holy Communion family group photo 1960 |
Elżbieta Pasiak
and Teresa Paluszkiewicz with Fr. Starostka |
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CHRISTENINGS WEDDINGS AND OTHER
RELIGIOUS EVENTS |
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There were many weddings and
christenings over the life time of the camp and having a beautiful mansion
in the grounds made a grand back drop to the wedding photos. |
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Wedding of Mr. and Mrs. Nowak, 1953 |
The happy couple Mr. and Mrs. Krasucki (nee
Teresa Orłowska) |
Wedding of Mr. and Mrs. Borzyszkowski, outside the
church entrance. |
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Christening of Marian Borzyszkowski, centre,
Godparents Mrs. Janina Paluszkiewicz, Mr. Witek Kreń.
Parents Mr. and Mrs. Borzyszkowski standing either
side. |
Family group photo after the Christening of
Christopher Biegański
outside his parents hut.
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The "Sodalicja Mariańska"
is a lay association whose aim is to combine the principles of a Christian
life with higher education. It was very prominent in Polish
communities in the first half of the 20th. Century. Following the
2nd. Vatican Council it is being gradually superseded by the "Community of
Christian Life". |
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Sodalicja Marianska
(Marian Sodality) |
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Prelate Bronisław Michalski with a group
of students during a visit. |
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